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Wildlife Vaccines for TB
Journal
Veterinary Microbiology
Authors
B.M. Buddle, D.N.
Wedlock and M. Denis from the AgResearch, Wallaceville Animal Research Centre, New Zealand
Abstract
TB Vaccines in Wildlife - progress in the development
of tuberculosis vaccines for cattle and wildlife.
Vaccination against btb is likely to become an
important disease control strategy in developing countries, which cannot
afford a test and slaughter control programme, or in countries which
have a wildlife reservoir of btb infection. In the past decade, considerable progress has
been made in the development and evaluation of btb vaccines for cattle
and for a range of wildlife maintenance hosts including possums, badgers, deer
and African buffaloes. Experimental challenge systems have been established for
the different target species and the resulting disease process has mimicked that
seen in the field. In cattle, neonatal vaccination with BCG appeared to be more
effective than vaccination of 6-month-old calves and in most situations no other
vaccine has been shown to be better than BCG. However, prime-boost strategies
involving combinations of BCG with a protein or DNA vaccine, to improve on BCG
vaccination alone, have produced very encouraging results. Differential
diagnostic tests have been developed using mycobacterial antigens that are only
present in virulent M. bovis to differentiate between BCG-vaccinated and btb-infected cattle. BCG vaccine has been shown to reduce the spread of
tuberculous lesions in a range of wildlife species and a prototype oral bait
delivery system has been developed. Prospects for the development of improved
vaccines against bovine tuberculosis are promising and vaccination approaches
could become very valuable in the control and eradication of btb.
Keywords
Tuberculosis; Vaccine; BCG; Cattle; Wildlife;
Mycobacterium bovis
Web site
Elsevier B.V.
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